Photomicrographs of bacteria that precipitate iron and manganese.

(scale bars are 10 micrometers)


Neutral Water


Gallionella ferruginea [braid-like] in red floc from neutral water
 
 

Leptothrix cholodnii [sausage-like] in red floc from neutral water
 
 

Leptothrix discophora holdfasts [doughnut-like], which are parts of the bacteria that attach to rocks or microscope slides, like the fresh rounded ones on this microscope slide left in neutral water riffle
 
 

Leptothrix discophora [rods] on oil-like film from neutral water
 
 

Leptothrix discophora dehydrated holdfasts [doughnut-like] within hole on manganese-coated microscope slide in neutral water riffle
 
 

Leptothrix ochracea [drinking-straw like] in red floc from neutral water
 
 

Siderocapsa sp. [globular] on fecal pellet in red floc from neutral water
 
 

Siderococcus sp. [dot-like] in red floc from slightly salty, brackish water
 
 

Siderocystis sp. [agglomerations] on dead alga in red floc from neutral water
 

Toxothrix trichogenes [ladder-like] in red floc from neutral water
 
 


Acid Water


 
 
 

Thiobacillus-type [rods] in yellow floc from acid water
 
 

Leptothrix-type? [rods] on oil-like film from acid water
 

Effective Bacteria Control:

**ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT**CHLORINATION**